Gail A. Bishop

David, Thank you for your interest. But I want to clear up some areas of confusion. B cells express TRAF3 constitutively; they don't need exogenous stimuli. The nanoparticles are to enhance B cell uptake of antigen and adjuvant signals, which in turn makes them more effective APC. My lab performed a proof-of-concept of the B cell vaccine approach in an infectious disease mouse model; you can find the paper in The Journal of Immunology (2009). This paper would give you a clearer idea of our approach than I could provide in a quick paragraph. Using the approach for tumors is newer for us, and we need to do more work to be certain of the molecular mechanisms. We do know thta CD8 T cell activation is stimulated, but are not sure of the role of macrophages at this point. Best, GB

I'm sorry you got that incorrect impression, David. We are using Bvac as antigen presenting cells, NOT to make antibodies. This is quite a different goal. Regards, GB

Thank you for the kind words, Annie. Much appreciated. Happy holidays, Gail

Jeff, Many thanks for your interest and support. Brett will be sending you a published report from our lab and a recent review article that explains more about this approach and our rationale. Regards, Gail Bishop

Thank you, Allen! That is really appreciated. Gail